Lipid Levels and Associated Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Moroccan Type 2 Diabetes: A Case Control Study (EPIDIAM Study)

Background : The management of diabetic dyslipidaemia, a well-recognized and modifiable risk factor, is a key element in the multifactorial approach to prevent cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Objective : The aim of this study is to describe lipids profile and to compare CVD risk factors in Moroccan individuals with and without T2DM. Subjects and Methods : The study population consisted of 1307 unrelated T2D and 984 non-diabetics subjects. This was a case control study carried out in urban and rural primary health care centers. The survey was conducted from January 2006 to July 2008. Results : This case control study performed in a group of type 2 diabetic patients (1307) and non-diabetic (984) adults’ shows that T2D is strongly and independently associated with CVD risk factors, which are, hypertension (OR 4.06, 95% CI: 3.35-4.93, p <0.001), elevated TGs (OR 1.77, CI: 1.45-2.18, p <0.001), central obesity (OR 1.67, CI: 1.30-2.16, p <0.001), been female (OR 0.79, CI: 0.64-0.97, p =0.022), and been older-age (p =0.001). Strong prevalence of CVD risk factors has also shown among non-diabetics. Conclusion : The present study has found a high prevalence of CVD risk factors among T2D patients and controls despite the significant difference between them.