Functionalization, Modification, and Characterization of Carbon Nanofibers

Abstract The modification of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) is an important step for their further application. This chapter considers the methods which are useful in the area of polymer composite materials. Post-treatment modification (oxidation, chemical grafting, heat treatment) and one-pot synthesis are described. The basics of CNF analysis are given in the chapter, including structure analysis in volume (X-ray diffraction, Raman), functional groups (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared, UV, titration, temperature-programmed desorption), thermal stability (temperature-programmed oxidation, temperature-programmed reduction), textural properties (adsorption), and morphologic features (scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy).