Zerebrale Bildgebung bei Demenzen: State-of-the-Art Brain Imaging in Dementia: State-of-the-Art

" imaging biomarkers ● " magnetic resonance imaging Abstract ! Beside the clinical examination, neuropsychologi- cal testing and cerebrospinal fluid analysis imag- ing of the brain is a vital component in the diag- nostic work-up of dementias. Using state-of-the- art imaging techniques it is possible to visualise pathophysiological correlates of primary demen- tias at a structural and even functional level. In a scientific context the individual differentiation of neurodegenerative disorders, as well as the iden- tification of prodromal states and the monitoring of progression using imaging biomarkers are al- ready standard practice. These validated proto- cols are now entering clinical routine. This devel- opment away from the diagnosis by an exclusion approach of former days is increasingly reflected in national and international guidelines and as- sists an earlier individual dementia screening. This review aims to give a survey about the cur- rent state of these imaging routines for the most prevalent types of dementia focusing on magnetic resonance and nuclear imaging.