Optimization design of traffic flow under security based on cellular automata model
2015
Cellular Automata is a discrete model studied in computability theory,
mathematics, physics, complexity science, theoretical biology and
microstructure modeling. This paper proposes a model to balance the flux and
safety, to maximize the flux on each road whilst ensuring work well with
safety based on the Cellular Automata. In order to analyze the flow of
traffic, the traffic of three-lane freeway and four-lane freeway are
simulated based on the cellular automata model with the factors of velocity
and density in the first step. For safety, a rear-end collision model and
overtaking lateral collision model were employed to analyze the relation
among safety. Reaction time and distance are introduced in the model, and
different vehicles are considered. Safety-related factors are also chosen
based on back propagation neural network. At last, this paper establishes a
model to examine the performance of the traffic flow under the multi-lane
freeway in light and heavy traffic. It simulates the situation in real life
based on actual data. The optimal relation and optimal value has worked out
between flux and safety through simulating the situation in real life based
on actual data. To achieve a better model, further discussion, is made on how
to adapt to different situations with the keep-left, the unrestricted, and
the intelligent system controlled. The experimental result shows that the
number of lanes is not an influential factor under any circumstances. The
maximum speed limit plays a significant role in light traffic while it is of
no importance in heavy traffic. However, the minimum speed limit plays a
significant role in heavy traffic while it is of no importance in light
traffic.
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