Practical aspects of usage of insulin in India: Descriptive review and key recommendations.

Abstract Background and aims Insulin therapy is an integral part of diabetes management. However, reliable and easily accessible information on a number of basic facts concerning insulin therapy, including storage of insulin, managing insulin therapy during travel, nuances of insulin use while driving, and dose adjustments during sick days is lacking. This document aims to make readily available, reliable, and easy to implement information on these essential but relatively less discussed aspects of insulin therapy. Method Literature search was performed using PubMed and Cochrane Library from inception till 1st of July 2019. The relevant topics were reviewed by a panel of 5 specialists and 23 contributing physicians and endocrinologists, who had assembled at Bengaluru, India for the 13th National Insulin Summit. After a thorough review of the literature, and following detailed discussions, the committee arrived at these recommendations. Results Unopened vials and cartridges of insulin should be stored at 2 °C–8 °C in a refrigerator and protected from direct sunlight. For opened vials and in-use cartridges, manufacturer's instructions must be followed at all times. While traveling by air, dose adjustments are required only when flying across more than five time zones in the east or west directions. Insulin therapy should not be omitted or stopped during an acute illness; rather the doses need careful adjustments based on self-monitoring of blood glucose. Conclusion Recommendations and guidelines, covering many common aspects of insulin therapy are readily available. This consensus document aims to make recommendations for those essential aspects of insulin therapy that are crucial for its success but are relatively less known and less discussed.