Reconnoitering the role of Endothelin in Obesity.

BACKGROUND Obesity, metabolic disorders and diabetes mellitus are allied with increased cardiovascular risk. Given the vasoconstrictor activity of endothelin, enhanced endothelin has been hypothesized to take part in the disorder of adiposity associated vascular homeostasis. Moreover, elevated endothelin subsidizes endothelin dysregulated related to obesity, diabetes mellitus whereas alleviating the endothelin vasoconstrictor tone amends the unreliable endothelium - dependent vasodilation. OBJECTIVE The main objective of the current manuscript is to enumerate the intrinsic role of endothelin in obesity and related complications. METHODS A deep research on the literature available till date for endothelin in obesity as conducted using various medical sites like PubMed, MEDLINE from internet and data was collected. The articles were majorly preferred in English language. RESULTS The substantial effect of obesity on the progression of cardiac disorders has generated persistent efforts to expose the action associating with excessive adiposity to vascular dysregulation. Reduced vasodilator activity has been predicted as an early hemodynamic defect in obese individuals, also elevated vasoconstrictor tone elicits to vascular impairment. In certain, upregulation of endothelin activity, constantly reported in obese subjects, hasten obesity and its related complication, specifying the inflammatory and mitogenic activities of endothelin. Recently, various gut hormones, in association with their role as an accent of food intake, energy homeostasis, and triglycerides metabolism have reported numerous vascular properties. They escalate the bioavailability of vasodilators mediator i.e. nitric oxide and prevent the endothelin activity. These characteristics make gut hormones a favorable approach for targeting both metabolic and cardiovascular conditions of obesity. CONCLUSION The present review demonstrates the intrinsic role of endothelin as a novel molecule in the progression of obesity and focuses on the status of endothelin inhibitors as a therapeutic potential in preventing obesity and related complications.