Plasma Vitamin C and Type 2 Diabetes: Genome-Wide Association Study and Mendelian Randomization Analysis in European Populations.

The InterAct project was funded by the EU FP6 programme (grant number LSHM_CT_2006_037197). In addition, InterAct investigators acknowledge funding from the following agencies: Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit MC_UU_12015/1 and MC_UU_12015/5 [NJW, JZ, FI, NGF], and NIHR Biomedical Research Center Cambridge: Nutrition, Diet, and Lifestyle Research Theme (IS-BRC-1215-20014) [NJW, NGF]. The coordination of EPIC is financially supported by the European Commission (DG-SANCO) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The Spanish National cohort is supported by Health Research Fund (FIS) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Regional Governments of Andalucia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, and the Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO (Spain). Biomarker measurements for vitamin C were funded by the MRC Cambridge Initiative (RG71466, SJAH/004) and the EPIC-CVD project which is supported by the European Union Framework 7 (HEALTH-F2-2012-279233), European Research Council (268834), UK Medical Research Council (G0800270 and MR/L003120/1), British Heart Foundation (SP/09/002 and RG/08/014 and RG13/13/30194) and the UK National Institute for Health Research [Cambridge Biomedical Research Center at the Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust]. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. This work was supported by Health Data Research UK, which is funded by the UK Medical Research Council, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Economic and Social Research Council, Department of Health and Social Care (England), Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorates, Health and Social Care Research and Development Division (Welsh Government), Public Health Agency (Northern Ireland), British Heart Foundation and Wellcome. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource (application number 44448). Dr Ju-Sheng Zheng was additionally supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 701708, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81903316) and Zhejiang Ten-thousand Talents Program (2019R52039)