TRIM67 activates p53 to suppress colorectal cancer initiation and progression

Tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins participate in a variety of important cellular processes, including apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, DNA repair and senescence. In this study, we demonstrated that a novel TRIM family member, TRIM67, was commonly silenced in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its downregulation was associated with poor survival. Trim67 knockout in ApcMin/+ mice increased the incidence, multiplicity and burden of colorectal tumors. Similarly, colon-specific knockout of Trim67 significantly accelerated azoxymethane (AOM)-induced CRC in mice. RNA sequencing revealed that the anti-tumor effect of TRIM67 was mediated by activation of the p53 signaling pathway. TRIM67 interacted directly with the C-terminus of p53 inhibiting p53 degradation by its ubiquitin ligase MDM2. TRIM67 was also a transcriptional target of p53; upon cellular stress, p53 bound to the TRIM67 promoter and induced significant upregulation of TRIM67, thereby forming a TRIM67/p53 self-amplifying loop that boosts p53-induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. Consequently, loss of this p53 positive regulatory program profoundly compromised p53-mediated responses to chemotherapy-induced DNA damage. Dampened p53 response was also observed in tumors of Trim67 knockout mice and Trim67 knockout embryonic fibroblasts. TRIM67 reactivation restored p53 activation and sensitized CRC cells to chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. TRIM67 thus functions as a pivotal tumor suppressor in CRC and is a potential target for improving chemotherapy responsiveness.