Constraints on ultra-light axions from compact binary systems

2019 
Ultra light particles $(m_a \sim 10^{-21}eV-10^{-22}eV)$ with axion-like couplings to other particles can be candidates for fuzzy dark matter (FDM) if the axion decay constant $f_a\sim 10^{17}GeV$. If a compact star is immersed in such a low mass axionic potential it develops a long range field outside the star. This axionic field is radiated away when the star is in a binary orbit. The orbital period of compact binaries decay mainly due to the gravitational wave radiation as confirmed first in the Hulse-Taylor binary pulsar. The orbital period can also decay by radiation of other light particles like axions and axion like particles(ALPs). For axionic radiation to take place the orbital frequency of the periodic motion of the binary system should be greater than the mass of the scalar particles which can be radiated which implies that for most of the observed binaries particles with mass $m_a\ll 10^{-19}eV$ can be radiated which includes FDM particles. In this paper we consider four compact binary systems: PSR J0348+0432, PSR J0737-3039, PSR J1738+0333, and PSR B1913+16 (Hulse Taylor Binary) and show that the observation of the time period decays puts the bound $f_a\lesssim \mathcal{O}(10^{11}GeV)$on axion decay constant . This implies that Fuzzy Dark Matter cannot couple to gluons.
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