Hematological Malignancies: Analysis of Myelogram Results over 21 Years in Lome Teaching Hospitals

Objectives: Determine the frequency of malignancies diagnosed in myelogram seen in hematology services of Campus and Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospitals in Lome from 1992 to 2013. Study the epidemiology profile of these diseases. Materials and methods: It was an analytical retrospective study of 469 cases of malignancies diagnosed in 1511 myelograms during 21 years in both teaching hospital of Lome. Results: Blood disorders represent 31.70% of the results of myelogram performed during 21 years in the Teaching Hospital of Lome. Each year, there is an average of 22.3 cases diagnosed hematological malignancies. The most hematological malignancies were Kahler's disease (28.57%), chronic myeloid leukemia (24.52%), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (22.17%), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (12.58%) and acute myeloid leukemia (8.10%). Other (4.05%) were represented by the essential hypereosinophilic syndrome (4 cases), hairy cell leukemia (4 cases), Sezary lymphoma (3 cases), essential thrombocythemia (3 cases), Waldenstrom's disease (2 cases), acute myelomonocytic leukemia (1 case), prolymphocytic leukemia (1 case) and plasma cell leukemia (1 case). By gender, the CLL is most predominant in women against CML in men. Hemopathies were observed at all ages of life. Conclusion: Hematological malignancies are diagnosed in the Teaching Hospital of Campus and Sylvanus Olympio in Lome with a high relatively frequency. This prevalence must be higher if all cases of malignancies diagnosed in Togo were recorded in a national cancer register. This study aims to knowledge of epidemiological aspects of hematological malignancies and improve the care of patients with hematological malignancies by the provision of adequate anti-mitotic drugs.