Distortion Correction of Single-shot EPI Enabled by Deep-learning.

ABSTRACT Purpose A distortion correction method for single-shot EPI was proposed. Point-spread-function encoded EPI (PSF-EPI) images were used as the references to correct traditional EPI images based on deep neural network. Theory and Methods The PSF-EPI method can obtain distortion-free echo planar images. In this study, a 2D U-net based network was trained to achieve the distortion correction of single-shot EPI (SS-EPI) images, using PSF-EPI images as targets in the training stage. Anatomical T2W-TSE images were also fed into the network to improve the quality of the results. The applications in diffusion-weighted images were used as examples in this work. The network was trained on data acquired on healthy volunteers and tested on data of both healthy volunteers and patients. The corrected EPI images from the proposed method were also compared with those from field-mapping and top-up based distortion correction methods. Results Experimental results showed that the proposed method can correct for EPI distortions better than both the field-mapping and top-up based methods, and the results were close to the distortion-free images from PSF-EPI. Additionally, inclusion of T2W-TSE images helped improve distortion correction of the SS-EPI images without contaminating the output noticeably. The experiments with patients and different MRI platforms demonstrated the generalization feasibility of the proposed method preliminarily. Conclusion Through the correction of diffusion-weighted images, the proposed deep-learning based method was demonstrated to have the feasibility to correct for the distortion of EPI images.