Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Intensive Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes The Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Continuous Glucose Monitoring Study Group

The changes in glycated hemoglobin levels in the two study groups varied markedly according to age group (P = 0.003), with a significant difference among patients 25 years of age or older that favored the continuous-monitoring group (mean difference in change, −0.53%; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.71 to −0.35; P<0.001). The between-group difference was not significant among those who were 15 to 24 years of age (mean difference, 0.08; 95% CI, −0.17 to 0.33; P = 0.52) or among those who were 8 to 14 years of age (mean difference, −0.13; 95% CI, −0.38 to 0.11; P = 0.29). Secondary glycated hemoglobin outcomes were better in the continuous-monitoring group than in the control group among the oldest and youngest patients but not among those who were 15 to 24 years of age. The use of continuous glucose monitoring averaged 6.0 or more days per week for 83% of patients 25 years of age or older, 30% of those 15 to 24 years of age, and 50% of those 8 to 14 years of age. The rate of severe hypoglycemia was low and did not differ between the two study groups; however, the trial was not powered to detect such a difference. Conclusions Continuous glucose monitoring can be associated with improved glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes. Further work is needed to identify barriers to effectiveness of continuous monitoring in children and adolescents. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00406133.)