Embolization of the bilateral internal pudendal arteries for intractable priapism in a child with chronic myelogenous leukemia

: Priapism is an uncommon clinical symptom in children with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Here we report a 14-year-old boy with this symptom, which had appeared 4 days prior to hospitalization. Peripheral blood examination revealed a leukocyte count of 510,000/microliter, (87% neutrophils, 3% eosinophils, 6% basophils, and 1.6% lymphocytes), a hemoglobin level of 6.5 g/dl and a platelet count of 640,000/microliter. Karyotype analysis revealed the Ph1 chromosome and myeloid hyperplasia in the bone marrow. The patient was diagnosed as having chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) complicated by priapism. In an unsuccessful attempt to alleviate and improve the priapism, urokinase was injected and hydroxyurea was administered for the CML. Angiography confirmed the presence of venous return from the scrotum, and embolization of the bilateral internal pudendal arteries was performed to reduce the amount of inflow. Although this relieved the patient of his pain and prevented penile necrosis, the patient's future sexual potency was sacrificed. Selective embolization of the pudendal arteries can be one of the most effective ways of treating intractable priapism, if angiography confirms the presence of venous return from the penis.