Antioxidants and natural-derived products in the modulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics and dysfunction in chronic kidney disease models

Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a rising worldwide public health problem mostly characterized by the progressive loss of kidney function. However, in many cases, the present clinical treatments are insufficient to deter the progression of this disease. Currently, growing evidence suggests that mitochondrial bioenergetics alterations play a key role in the pathogenesis and promotion of CKD, in both nondiabetic and diabetic contexts. Therefore, the use of mitochondria-targeted therapeutics, such as antioxidants and natural-derived products, able to attenuate mitochondrial dysfunction to prevent the CKD progression, has emerged as a new promising therapeutic strategy. In this chapter, we summarize the mitochondrial bioenergetics alterations in the different models of CKD and their role on the progression of this illness. Then, we summarize the current knowledge of antioxidants and natural-derived products in CKD mitochondrial dysfunction and their impact on kidney function protection.