Subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction in diabetic patients and its association with retinopathy

Aim It is important to diagnose diabetic cardiomyopathy in the early stages to prevent development of evident heart failure in the future. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of subclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction with two-dimensional (2D) speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) and the secondary objective was to compare retinopathy-positive and -negative diabetic patients.