Survey of factors effective on re-intubation among children admitted to pediatric intensive care unit.

: This study was aimed to recognize the risk factors of re intubation among children who were admitted to pediatric intensive care unit. in an analytical cross-sectional study, the risk factors of reintubation in two groups of patients compared, both groups consist of 55 children, one with successful extubation and another with extubation failure. The study showed that neuromuscular disorders are the main underlying disease in extubation-failure group (p = 0.004). Besides, in comparison between two group of patients who had successful versus failed extubation, hypercapnia (PaCO2 > 50 mmHg) was shown to be the most common cause of both the first intubation (p = 0.003) and reintubation (p = 0.002) in patients who failed extubation. This study shows that neuromuscular disorders as a background, are the most common causes which defeat weaning from ventilator or result in reintubation by induction of hypercapnia.