ACUTE RATE CONTROL OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION WITH RAPID VENTRICULAR RESPONSE USING INTRAVENOUS CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS OR INTRAVENOUS BETA BLOCKERS LEADS TO CARDIOGENIC SHOCK IN PATIENTS WITH UNDERLYING SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION

Intravenous (IV) boluses of nondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (CCBs) or beta-blockers (B-blockers) are often used for acute rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with rapid ventricular response (RVR). However, due to their negative chronotropic and inotropic properties,