The Use of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (n-3 PUFAs) in Atrial Fibrillation

Abstract The efficacy and safety of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( n -3 PUFAs) for the prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF) is a source of ongoing debate in the current literature. This chapter will review the potential protective mechanisms of n -3 PUFA, as demonstrated by promising animal studies. It will then summarize the major studies performed in humans, considering paroxysmal, persistent, and postoperative AF as separate entities. The many factors contributing to the mixed results in human studies will be debated before concluding that n -3 PUFA supplements should not be recommended for the prevention of AF, as they have the potential to cause harm.