Ten-Year Trends in Preventive Service Use Before and After Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: A Comparison with Noncancer Controls

CONTEXT: Few studies have assessed the longer-term quality of preventive care in prostate cancer (PCa) survivors. OBJECTIVE: To compare the rates of preventive services among PCa survivors five years before and after diagnosis, to men without PCa. DESIGN: Men enrolled in Kaiser Permanente Southern California with newly diagnosed PCa (2002-2008) were matched 1:1 to men without a PCa diagnosis on age, race, and timing of prostate-specific antigen test (N = 31,180). The use of preventive services, including colorectal cancer screening, diabetes tests, lipid panels, and influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations was assessed 5 years before and after diagnosis (or index date for controls). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relative rates (RRs) of use were calculated for cases and controls separately and compared using Poisson regression, adjusting for comorbidities and outpatient utilization in 2014. RESULTS: Overall, the rates of preventive services were lower among men with PCa vs men without PCa. However, in the 5 years after diagnosis, rates of preventive service use for all services were greater among PCa survivors vs men without PCa (colorectal cancer: RR = 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01-1.10; lipids: RR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.08-1.11; hemoglobin A1C: RR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.14-1.19; glucose: RR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.23-1.26; influenza vaccine: RR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.03-1.07; pneumococcal vaccine: RR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.97-1.09). CONCLUSION: Delivery of preventive care improved after PCa diagnosis, with survivors receiving comparable preventive care to men without PCa during the five years following diagnosis.