Physico-chemical techniques for the removal of disinfection by-products precursors from water

Abstract Owing to efficacy, ecofeasibility, and residual effects, chlorine is the most prominent disinfectant across globe. Aromatic fractions of natural organic matter tend to react with chlorine to form series of disinfection by-products such as trihalomethanes. Coagulation is the prominent operation unit for the removal of turbidity and natural organic matter, which is carried out using various coagulating agents (coagulants) during water treatment process. Application of adsorption-based remediation approach and advance treatment method like membrane technology (microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmosis) have limitation for pilot scale treatment. Currently, researchers are exploring the scope of nanotechnology such as nanofiltration for natural organic matter removal which is a pressure membrane-based water treatment process which exhibits the features of reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration but nanofiltration is refrained from the limitation of antifouling which is the major concern in the application of membrane-based method. Keeping above observation, the chapter has been designed to understand the natural organic matter removal in cost-effective method.