Screening a family for hereditary chronic pancreatitis.

: Chronic "idiopathic" pancreatitis (CP) in a 7 year-old-boy, whose father has suffered from CP, and whose former grandfather had suffered from pains possibly of pancreatic origin, led us suspect a hereditary etiology. An analysis, extended in a control fashion to the relatives of the healthy spouse of the affected grandfather, surprisingly revealed 2 more proven and 3 more suspected CP, giving the overall number of 8 affected members in this 35-member 3 generation kindred and revealed a maternal heredity instead of paternal heredity (which was first thought to be apparent). We therefore recommend that in a family suspected to suffer from hereditary CP (HCP), a screening should be extended to cover even the unaffected spouse's family--the present extended study revealed for 23 new members them to belong in an affected family. Without an extensive screening advises for family planning, alcohol consumption etc. can not be given. Plain abdominal X-ray accompanied with epigastric ultrasonographic are suitable for screening, which might be extended to every individual in smaller families, but may be safely restricted to the members ever suffered from epigastric pains in the case of a huge family. Pancreatic duct anomalies, hyperlipidaemia, hypercalcaemia, aminoaciduria or hyperimmunoglobulinaemia, all of which have been seen to accompany HCP, were not present in this family. Neither was any linkage found between the penetrance of HCP and ABO/Rh blood groups or HLA haplotypes.