A STUDY ON CARDIOVASCULAR MANIFESTATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects around 10-13% of general population. The risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains high in all stages of chronic kidney disease. It has been documented that CKD patients have an extremely high risk of developing CVD compared to the general population. CKD patients in early stages are more likely to develop CVD than progress to ESRD. This study showed that most common symptoms were dyspnoea followed by orthopnea, pedal edema, palpitation and chest pain. Risk factors for cardiovascular complications in CKD include hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, albuminuria, anaemia and metabolic changes. The most common type of cardio vascular disease in CKD patients was found to be dilated cardiomyopathy followed by left ventricular hypertrophy, ischemic heart disease and pericardial effusion.