Electromigration and Deposition of Micro-Scale Calcium Carbonate Structures with Controlled Morphology and Polymorphism

Abstract : Electromigration and electrodeposition techniques are ideal for synthesizing biomimetic and bio-inspired materials in predefined porous templates. Here, we demonstrate the utility of precipitating various polymorphs of calcium carbonate in three-dimensional templates. Applied potentials and times were varied and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to determine polymorph formed and its morphology. It was found that higher applied potentials and shorter operating times resulting in the formation of metastable polymorphs of calcium carbonate (e.g., vaterite) that infilled the porous media. Results are essential for developing bioinspired composite materials for various structural and medical applications.