A Framework using multimodal imaging for longitudinal monitoring of patients in neuro-oncology. Application to a SPECT/MRI study

: This paper proposes a framework to assess the potential value of 99mTc Sestamibi SPECT in addition to Gadolinium-enhanced MRI for the monitoring of patients with high grade gliomas under antiangiogenic treatment. It includes: 1) multimodal and monomodal high precision registration steps achieved thanks to a registration strategy which selects the best method among several ones for each dataset, 2) tumor segmentation steps dedicated to each modality and 3) a tumor comparison step which consists in the computation of some global (volume, intensity) and local (matching and mismatching) quantitative indices to analyze the tumor using different imaging modalities and at different times during the treatment. Each step is checked via 2D and 3D visualization. This framework was applied to a database of fifteen patients. For all patients, except one, the tumor volumes decrease globally and locally. Furthermore, a high correlation (r=0.77) was observed between MRI and Sestamibi tumor volumes. Finally, local indices show some possible mismatches between MRI Gadolinium uptake and Sestamibi uptake, which need to be further investigated.