Risk Factors for and Effect of a One-Year Surveillance Program on Surgical Site Infection at a University Hospital in Turkey

Background: Surveillance of surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most effective methods for decreasing the incidence. We determined the risk factors for SSI and the effect of a one-year surveillance program on the rate at a tertiary-care center. Methods: The annual SSI rate before the study period was determined in a preliminary study. Risk factors related to SSI, the bacteria cultured from infected sites, and the effect of surveillance were then analyzed prospectively. Risk factors were determined by logistic regression analysis, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: The incidence of SSI decreased from 12.8% before the study to 8.8% at the end of the surveillance period. There were 90 SSIs (8.8%) in 1,017 procedures during the study period, most of which (77; 69%) were detected during the hospital stay. The distribution of superficial incisional, deep incisional, and organ/space SSI was 61.1%, 33.4%, and 5.5%, respectively. Prolonged preoperative hospital stay (>8 days), abdominal...