Vitamin D and cognition

Abstract It has been recognized that the importance of Vitamin D far exceeds its long-known role in mineral homeostasis. In this review its importance in various normal and pathological processes such as muscle work, cardiovascular health, diabetes and some neurological diseases is briefly presented. In particular, the role of Vitamin D in brain functioning and cognition is summarized. The association of Vitamin D level and cognition has been recognized by numerous authors. Whether the administration of vitamin D could improve existing cognition deficits concomitantly with raising the vitamin level remains to be elucidated. Most authors claim that randomized clinical trials are still needed to clarify this question. It is estimated that a substantial proportion of the population worldwide is presently deficient in vitamin D. The importance of its supplementation is emphasized.