Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing ventilator-associated infections in critically ill patients in ICU

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens isolated from the critical patients with ventilator-associated infections in ICU from our hospital. Methods 561 critically ill patients treated by mechanical ventilation from January, 2016 to December, 2017 in the ICU of our hospital were selected. 65 sputum specimens from the patients with ventilator related infection were collected, and the bacteria were cultured and isolated. The bacterial identification and drug sensitivity test were carried out by VITEK 2-Compact automatic bacterial identification instrument, and the results were statistically analyzed by WHONET5.6. Results Among the 65 patients with ventilator-associated infection, 101 strains of pathogenic bacteria were cultured. There were 71 strains of negative bacteria, accounting for 70.30%; 9 strains of positive bacteria, accounting for 8.91%; and 21 strains of fungi, accounting for 20.79%. Among the gram-negative bacilli, the top three pathogenic bacteria were 22 strains of acinetobacter bauman, accounting for 21.78%; 20 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, accounting for 19.80%; and 12 strains of klebsiella pneumoniae, accounting for 11.89%. The 9 strains of Gram-positive bacteria were staphylococcus aureus. The drug sensitivity results showed that the proportion of carbapenem resistant acinetobacter bauman (CRABA) was 95.2%, the proportion of carbapenem resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPAE) was 28.6%, and the proportion of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 100.0%. Conclusion The pathogenic bacteria associated with ventilator related infection in critically ill patients in the ICU in our hospital are mainly Gram-negative bacteria; the proportions of MRSA, CRABA, and CRPAE are very high, which brings severe test to clinical treatment. It is necessary to take corresponding countermeasures to control drug resistant bacteria. Key words: Critically ill patients in ICU; Ventilator associated infection; Pathogens; Drug resistance