Some Recent Advances in our Understanding of Hydrocephalus and Further Developments in Shunt Technology with Improved Outcomes

During the past 20 years since this article was published there have been some fresh theories into the potential causes, classification and effects of hydrocephalus, with more clinical research now focused on methods to reduce the complications of CSF shunts and avoid shunts altogether whenever possible. Some studies have demonstrated encouraging improvements in long-term outcomes and quality of life in both children and adults with hydrocephalus.