Effects of Optimal Nutrition Intervention on Hypertension in Obese Children and Adolescent

Objective To evaluate the prevalence of hypertension in obese children and adolescent and the effects of comprehensive nutrition intervention on obese children with hypertension. Methods Totally 470 overweight or simple obese children aged 7-18 years were enrolled.A high-protein,optimal fat,and carbohydrate formula was recommended for treatment,in which 20%-25% of the calorie was derived from protein,25%-30% from fat,and 45%-50% from carbohydrates.Total calorie was based on age,sex,height,and degree of obesity,usually 4180-7524kJ/d.The calorie of three meals was distributed 25% for breakfast,40% for lunch,and 35% for supper,respectively.VitB compound,trace element compound,and selenium were supplemented during daily life.Other intervention measurements included encouragement of physical activities more than 30 min a day. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 39.4% (185/470) in obese children and adolescent.A total of 140 of 185 (75.6%) overweight or obese children with hypertension completed the study.Blood pressure was effectively decreased in 140 overweight or obese children after nutrition intervention-oriented comprehensive treatment.The response rate was 81.4% (114/140),improvement rate was 15.7%(22/140),and the ineffectiveness rate was only 2.9% (4/140). BMI and WC showed a positive correlation with SP and DP in 470 overweight or obese children. Conclusion Hypertension is common in overweight or obese children and adolescent.Nutrition intervention-oriented comprehensive treatment can effectively improve their outcomes.