Detection and removal of pathogenic bacteria from wastewater using various nanoparticles

Abstract Contaminated wastewater is a serious threat to different fragile ecosystems and related life forms. The presence of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, yeast, and viruses in water is harmful for humans. Contaminated water containing several pathogenic bacteria act as the vehicle for several infectious diseases. Neutralization and removal of these pathogens before discharging into stream water or using them for other purposes is inevitable. Several molecular biology techniques are employed for detection of these pathogens. Specific biomolecules at the microbial surface may be used for the detection of pathogens by tagging sensors molecules such as antibodies, aptamers, carbohydrates, and antimicrobial peptides with different nanoparticles.