Impact of obesity on annual medical expenditures and diabetes care in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Aim/Introduction Diabetes and obesity are important health and economic concerns. We investigated the influence of obesity on diabetes control, the annual medical expenditures, and medications in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes who were relatively lean in comparison to those in Western countries. Materials and Methods A total of 402 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled and their annual medical expenditures investigated. Obesity was defined as body mass index over 25 kg/m2, according to the obesity classifications from the Japan Society for the Study of Obesity. Results A total of 165 patients (41.0%) were classified as obese. The obese group was younger, had poor glycemic control, and higher frequency of hypertension than the non-obese group. The median total annual medical expenditures for all participants was 269,333 Japanese yen (interquartile: 169,664 to 437,437 Japanese yen), which was equivalent to approximately 2,450 US dollars. The annual medical expenditure was significantly higher in patients with obesity than in non-obese patients (P <0.001). This difference was mainly attributed to the annual expenditures for medication and hospitalization. In particular, the medication expenditures and the average number of drug classes for hyperglycemia and hypertension were significantly higher in the obese group. Conclusions Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity had higher annual medical expenditures and a larger number of medications, but their diabetes control care was insufficient in comparison to those without obesity. Further studies are required to assess the effect of reducing body weight on diabetes control and costs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.