Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications among the population of Moscow Region ? a cross-sectional epidemiological study

Aim.  To estimate the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among the population of Moscow Region, as well as the actual prevalence of diabetes complications in individuals already diagnosed with DM. Materials and Methods. 2403 inhabitants of Stupinksy and Domodedovsky areas aged 30 to 70 years were selected by means of random sampling for the estimation of T2DM prevalence. Another 600 individuals inhabiting Pushkinsky and Serpukhovsky areas were randomly selected for the estimation of the prevalence of DM complications (including patients with T2DM). Clinical screening was performed by the mobile diagnostic team. Results. HbA 1c  level was tested in all participants. The cut-off point for the diagnosis of DM was set for . HbA 1c >6.5% according to the WHO guidelines (2011). 204 individuals (8.49%) met this criterion and were selected for further evaluation by OGTT with the following Results. 28.04% were positive for glycemic disorders, including T2DM (8.53%), IGT (17.07%), IFG (2.44%). The highest prevalence of T2DM was found in the elder group (60?70 years old). The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was estimated at 26.06%, being 2 times higher among T2DM patients than previously calculated for Moscow Region by the Russian State Diabetes Register (13.2%). The microalbuminuria stage of diabetic nephropathy was diagnosed in 46.1% of diabetes patients, being 5 times more prevalent than previously estimated for Moscow Region by the Russian State Diabetes Register (5.84%). Conclusion. The actual prevalence of T2DM in Moscow Region is markedly higher than the registered. The prevalence of diabetes complications is also significantly underestimated. Most patients do not achieve . HbA 1c  targets (