Risk factors for death within 30 d after acute ischemic stroke

Objective To investigate the risk factors for death within 30 d after onset in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods Consecutive inpatients with acute ischemic stroke were prospectively enrolled. The onset to admission time, baseline clinical characteristics, past history, routine laboratory results, and neuroimaging data of the patients were collected. Taking death within 30 d after the onset as primary outcome, they were divided into a death group and a survival group. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for death. Results A total of 758 patients were enrolled in the study, including 47 (6.2%) deaths. The mortality rate increased gradually with age (P 80 years (OR 2.440, 95% CI 1.216-4.859; P=0.011), atrial fibrillation (OR 2.394, 95% CI 1.032-5.545; P=0.042), onset to admission time >3 h (OR 2.110, 95% CI 1.024-4.350; P=0.043), body temperature >37.4 ℃ at admission (OR 2.334, 95% CI 1.122-4.860; P=0.023), oxygen saturation ≤94% (OR 17.125, 95% CI 2.873-102.162; P=0.001), baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score >15 (OR 8.411, 95% CI 2.263-31.287; P=0.003), baseline Glasgow Coma Scale score 10×109/L (OR 2.115, 95% CI 1.042-4.291; P=0.038), complicated with pulmonary infection (OR 8.154, 95% CI 1.818-36.611; P=0.006), and cerebrocardiac syndrome (OR 2.667, 95% CI 1.055-6.740; P=0.038) were the independent risk factors for death within 30 d. Conclusion Male, advanced age, onset to admission time >3 h, body temperature >37.4 ℃ at admission, hypoxia, elevated white blood cell count, as well as complicated with pulmonary infection after stroke, and cerebrocardiac syndrome were the independent risk factors for death within 30 d in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Key words: Stroke; Brain Ischemia; Survival Rate; Risk Factors; Time Factors