Frequency of type I and II diabetes in newly diagnosed diabetic patients: Measuring C-Peptide level

Abstract Aims Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that manifested as hyperglycemia due to the defect in secretion or function of insulin. This study aimed was to survey about frequency type I and II diabetes in newly diagnosed diabetic patients base on c-peptide and anti-glutamate acid decarboxylase (GAD) tests. Materials & methods This study was conducted as a prospective study on 70 diabetic patients aged 15–45 years old who referred to diabetes clinics in Ahvaz city during 2012–2014 and their diabetes was diagnosed for the first time, but their type of diabetes was not clinically definitive. Patients with anti-GAD positive and fasting C-peptide level of less than 0.65 were diagnosed as type I diabetes. Patients with anti-GAD negative fasting C-peptide level of greater than or equal to 0.65 were considered as type II diabetes. Results Eighty two patients (49 males and 33 females) with a mean age of 21.64 ± 4.36 years (range 15–34) and a mean BMI of 22.05 ± 4.41 kg/m 2 (range 14–18) were studied. Twenty three patients (28.5%) had type I diabetes and 59 patients (71.95%) had type II diabetes. In patients with type I diabetes, the mean BMI was 24.86 ± 2.36 kg/m 2 and the number of patients with family history (56.22%) was higher. In type II diabetic patients, the number of women (62.71%) was higher than that of men. Conclusion Anti-GAD test can be used as a predictive test for early diagnosis of disease and screening of people with a diagnosis of diabetes based on the type of diabetes.