COVID-19 possible medical treatments

Recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 virus and its high incidence has made national and international health authorities focus on evaluation and development of medicines to fight against severe cases of the Coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19). COVID-19 is a pneumonia like infectious disease which was first reported in in Wuhan, Hubei, China in December, 2019. Due to the public health emergency, there are many clinical trials assessing the efficiency of anti-inflammatory agents (e.g. chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin and NSAIDS) antiviral agents (e.g. oseltamivir, Remdesivir, Favipiravir, Lopinavir/ritonavir, ribavirin, Umifenovir ) and immunomodulatory medicines such as interferons. Herein, we are going to introduce currently used medicines, their mechanisms of action and the associated adverse effects. Thereafter, possible nanopharmaceuticals with disinfectant or medicinal properties are discussed. Given the current available literature, among different medicines, Remdesivir which is an antiviral agent with RNA polymerase inhibitor mechanism of action showed acceptable results and there are controversies in the efficacy of other medications.