Small molecules in regeneration

Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major clinical and economic problem worldwide and currently there are no effective treatments. Due to the numerous renal insults that lead to AKI and the complexity of injury, many pathways are dysregulated leading to maladaptive repair, which can lead to chronic kidney disease. The focus of this chapter is to illustrate the pathways that play a role in AKI and how small molecules for therapeutic intervention can be utilized to modulate their activity and enhance productive repair. Given the large number of pathways that could be therapeutic targets, we will focus on only a limited number that have shown promising results in the treatment of AKI.