Protective role of green tea on diabetic nephropathy—A review

AbstractNowadays, diabetes and diabetes-mediated dysfunctions are overwhelming at every nook and corner of the world which has been a sober concern to the current health care professionals. However, chronic hyperglycemic subjects often suffer from hypertension, atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, brain injury, and other dysfunctions due to high glucose level which lead to kidney failure. Altogether, diabetic nephritis, fibrosis, stenosis, iron overload, and hypertrophy may often escort towards diabetic nephropathy. Furthermore, hyperglycemia-generated free radical-mediated oxidative stress plays the central role to aggravate the condition. Oxidative stress also inhibits production of several natural antioxidant genes like Nrf2, Sirt1, PGC-1α, superoxide desmutase, and catalase. Similarly, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL, TNF-α, MIP, α-SMA, and NF-κβ has been observed high in the diabetic subjects. High glucose inside the body also activates mitogen-activated protein kinase family and ...