SCOPING REVIEW: DIET FOR PREDIABETES AND ITS EFFECTS ON GLYCAEMIC CONTROL

Background: Prediabetes is a global health problem among the non-communicable diseases and much effort has been exerted in the past in response to the increased prevalence of prediabetes. The objective of this scoping review is to describe evidences on the types of prediabetes diet and intervention studies available for prediabetes and its effects on glycaemic control. Materials and Methods: The scoping review was conducted based on the framework by Arksey and O’Malley. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) diagram was used as a guide to record the review process. Articles from years 1995 until 2020 on prediabetes diet among adults aged 18 years and above were retrieved based on the keywords using electronic databases (Ovid, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar). Virtual library databases were also included in the searches. Result: A total of 652 articles were identified through database searches and 20 records were identified through manual search. A total of 205 duplicate records were removed and subsequently, the titles and abstracts of 467 records were screened for inclusion. The full texts of 223 articles were reviewed for eligibility, and finally, 78 studies were included in the review. Conclusion: The prediabetes state is reversible and provides an opportunity for treatment. Therefore, the focus on nutrition must be included in diabetes prevention strategies. Currently, a diet low in fat intake, rich in fiber, whole grains, and fruits and vegetables, as well as a Mediterranean-type diet, may be recommended for the prevention of diabetes in prediabetes. Keywords: prediabetes diet, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, diabetes prevention, dietary intervention