Infecção pelo HIV na população pediátrica e suas manifestações orofaciais
2010
Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome (Aids) is characterized
by immunosuppression due to
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV), which is associated with
opportunistic infections, neoplasms
and neurological manifestations.
It was first recognized in children
in 1983 and more than 90% of the
cases result from vertical transmis-
sion. Although many abnormalities
are similar in pediatric and adult
HIV infection, there are important
differences, including risk factors,
type of transmission and orofacial
manifestations. This review article
emphasizes the importance of re-
cognition of these lesions, which
are frequently the first signs of
infection in children. The most com-
monly found orofacial lesions are
candidiasis, parotid enlargement
and cervical lymphadenopathy. The
identification of these alterations
may facilitate the diagnosis of HIV
infection and the establishment of
treatment measures, improving the
survival of HIV-infected children.
Key words: pediatric dentis-
try, AIDS related opportunistic
infections, HIV infection.
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