[Lipid metabolism, features of nutrition and risk factors of ischemic heart disease in cohorts of Canadian Inuits and Taimyr Nganasans].

: Lipids metabolism and blood lipid profiles in native populations of Northern Asia (Nganasans, n = 43) and Northern Canada (Inuits, n = 151) have been studied. Estimation of serum PUFA of omega-6 and omega-3 series in Nganasans testifies to shifting of their diet to "western" type. Three types of dietary patterns have been observed in inuits: traditional one (among age group of 40-69), "western" (among age group of 18-29) and intermediate, transitional (among age group of 30-39). Age differences in concentrations of total cholesterol, summarized fraction of low density and very low density lipoproteins in Nganasans and Inuits were similar, however, Inuits had higher levels of blood lipids including HDL-cholesterol. Concentrations of apoB lipoproteins were significantly higher in Inuits, however, apoA-1/apoB ratios were estimated as more than 1.0 in both groups and the differences were not significant. Correlation between fatty acid composition and lipid profiles in Inuits who followed traditional diet testify to non-atherogenic type of nutrition. Despite to favorable blood lipid profiles in Northern native population, hypercholesterolemia was found in 2% of Nganasans and 10% of Inuits, while hypo-alpha-cholesterolemia was found in 25% Nganasans and in 5% of Inuits. Thus, changes in dietary patterns of native populations of the Far North have a great influence on blood concentrations of PUFAs of omega-3 series. Changes in the dietary fatty acid composition are considered to be one of the possible reasons of dislipoproteinemia.