Low-Temperature Synthesis of Hybrid Nanoforms Based on the Antibacterial Drug Dioxidine and Nanoparticles of Bioactive Metals (Silver, Copper) Incorporated into Biopolymer Cryogels

Cryochemical nanotechnologies are used to obtain hybrid systems comprising the antibacterial drug dioxidine, metal (Ag, Cu) nanoparticles, and biopolymer matrices (cryogels) based on gelatin, potassium alginate, and chitosan. Data from IR, UV, and NMR spectroscopy, plus TEM and SEM microscopy, show the resulting systems consist of wide-porosity matrices (pore diameters, 10–200 μm) that contain antibacterial drugs and nanoparticles of silver (2–30 nm) or copper (1–5 nm). It is found these systems ensure a gradual release of dioxidine (40 min to 3 days, depending on the nature of the matrix). The high activity of hybrid composites based on metals and dioxidine incorporated into biopolymer cryostructurates against the growth of E. coli 52 and S. aureus 144 is estimated, relative to the individual components in the same matrices.