The Effect Of Sex And Menopause On Carotid Intima Media Thickness and Pulse Wave Velocity In Morbid Obesity
2019
textabstractBackground: Women are relatively protected from cardiovascular disease compared with men. Since morbid obesity is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the current study investigated whether the association between sex and
cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes can be demonstrated in subjects suffering
from morbid obesity.
Materials and methods: Two hundred subjects enrolled in a study on cardiovascular
risk factors in morbid obesity underwent extensive laboratory screening, carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements. Gender
differences were analysed using univariate and multivariable linear regression models. In addition, the effect of menopause on cIMT and PWV was analysed. Results of
these models were reported as B coefficients with 95% confidence intervals.
Results: The group consisted of 52 men and 148 women, with a mean age of 41
(±11.8) years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 42.7 (±5.2) kg/m2
. Both, cIMT
and PWV were significantly higher in men than in women, although the difference
in cIMT disappeared after adjustment for covariables such as waist circumference,
age, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and mean arterial pressure. PWV was associated with sex after adjustments for covariables in morbidly obese patients.
Postmenopausal women had significantly increased cIMT and PWV when compared
with premenopausal women.
Conclusion: Sex differences in PWV persist in subjects suffering from morbid obesity. However, no difference was found in cIMT between morbidly obese men and
women after adjustment for classic cardiovascular risk factors. Premenopausal morbidly obese women are protected for cardiovascular disease when compared with
postmenopausal morbidly obese women.
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