Effects of kinematic parameters on three-dimensional flapping wing at low Reynolds number

In nature, creatures such as birds, insects, and fish have excellent flight and mobility capabilities. The prominent flight performance of many creatures employing flapping wings has attracted researchers to study the aerodynamics of bionic flapping wings, which has potential application in designing micro air vehicles and autonomous underwater vehicles. Bionic movements usually have to adapt to the low Reynolds number environment. It is noteworthy that the flow field of a flapping wing at low Reynolds numbers flow state is closely related to the complex non-linear shedding and viscous phenomenon, especially in a three-dimensional (3D) flapping wing. In order to observe the influence of the viscous phenomenon on flapping wing propulsive performance at low Reynolds numbers, the flow field characteristics of the 3D flapping wing under different Reynolds numbers are discussed using the immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method with the Chinese supercomputer TianHe-II in this paper. The influence of kinemati...