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The one-way analysis of variance makes it possible to test whether there are significant differences among several groups. Two different tests are available: the F-test and the KruskalWallis test. When the group scores are normally distributed, the F-test is the appropriate one. The Kruskal-Wallis test is appropriate for ordinal scores, or when the distribution of scores is skewed. This paper takes the reader through the calculation of the two tests. It is emphasized that a statistically significant result only implies that at least one of the groups is significantly different from one or more of the others. An additional test (e.g. the Scheffe multiple comparison test) has to be performed to find whether several groups are significantly different from each other. 0 One-way analysis of variance, F-test, Kruskal- Wallis test, Scheffe multiple comparison test.