Use of Denosumab for Renal Cell Carcinoma-Associated Malignant Hypercalcemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Hypercalcemia is a common problem in patients with renal cell carcinoma. The standard treatment for malignant hypercalcemia includes bisphosphonates, hydration, and calcitonin. Denosumab is approved for the prevention of skeletalrelated events in patients with metastatic solid tumors. The main side effect of denosumab is hypocalcemia. Denosumab presents as an attractive option for treatment of malignant hypercalcemia. Denosumab is less nephrotoxic than bisphosphonates and could be an alternative option for treatment of malignant hypercalcemia in renal failure.