Factores predictores de mortalidad en infarto agudo de miocardio

Introduction: coronary atherosclerotic disease is a frequent cause of mortality worldwide, reason for which it is necessary to determine the risk factors that cause it. Objective: to determine risk factors associated with mortality due to acute myocardial infarction in patients admitted to the Carlos Juan Finlay hospital in Havana. Methods: an observational, analytical, case-control study was performed in admitted patients with a confirmed diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in the period from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015, with a sample of 150 patients, 100 alive and 50 deceased, selected by simple random sampling. The studied variables were: age, skin color, sex, cardiovascular risk factors. Association was assessed through the independence test for qualitative variables and Pearson's linear correlation coefficient for quantitative variables. Results: among the deceased patients, those older than 70 years, hypertensive, with typical clinical presentation, ST segment depression, involvement of the inferior and anterior extensive face predominated. Among the patients who were alive, the white skin color predominated; heart rate and blood pressure were in normal limits, with involvement of the diaphragmatic face. Conclusions: patients aged 70 years and over, smoking habit, effect of 2 or more associated risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease and hypercholesterolemia allowed to associate it with higher mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction.