Incidence and Disease Burden of Interstitial Lung Disease and Pulmonary Sarcoidosis from 1990 to 2019: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary sarcoidosis are common respiratory disease with a heterogeneous distribution worldwide. In present study, we aimed to characterize the global disease burden of ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019  (GBD2019). Methods: Crude and age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence, mortality, and DALYs for ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis were obtained from GBD 2019. We used GBD methodology to systematically analyze the temporal and geographical trends of ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019, by sex, socio-demographic index (SDI), and region. Findings: In 2019, the global incident cases due to ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis was 24,232,080 (95% UI, 19,609,750 ~ 29,463,387), mortality case due to ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis was 169,833 (95% UI, 118,756 ~204,802). From 1990 to 2019, the incident, death, and DALYs case number of ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis increased by 118·6%, 166·63%, and 122·87% respectively. The global incidence of ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis was higher in males, and it was mainly concentrated in the age group of 70~79 years in both sexes. Significant regional differences can be seen in the incidence of ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis. Interpretation: Our study shows that the ASRs of incidence, mortality, and DALYs for ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis are increasing. And considerable heterogeneity in the epidemiology of ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis across age, sex, and region can be seen, great efforts are warranted to reduce the disease burden of ILD. Funding Statement: This study was financially supported by Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences [No: 2018-12M-1-001], Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences [No. 2019PT320021], the National Natural Science Foundation of China [No:81870056]. Declaration of Interests: The writing committee declares no competing interests. Ethics Approval Statement: This study used data from GBD 2019. Access to and use of GHDx data did not require informed patient consent.