CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

Background: Development of heart failure is always secondary to presence of risk factors like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, age, smoking and underlying coronary artery disease. Objective: The objective of this study was to find the frequency of risk factors and coronary artery involvement in patients of heart failure after myocardial infarction. Study Design: A non-randomized cross sectional study. Setting: Gulab Devi Chest Hospital. Period: Six months. Methods: 100 patients was done. Using non probability (purposive) sampling technique; all patients with ages between 20 to 80 years, irrespective of gender, diagnosed with heart failure (with ejection fraction ≤ 40%) secondary to STEMI were included in the study. Patients that were not having heart failure secondary to STEMI and those that hadn't their coronary angiography done were excluded from the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 20. Descriptive statistics was used to see analyze the data. Results: Mean age of patients was 52.61±10.2years. There was an overall male predominance (81%). Common risk factors that we observed were smoking (65%), hypertension (62%), diabetes (58%) and positive family history (38%). In this study 51% patients had triple vessels disease, 15% patients had double vessels disease and 34% patients had single vessel disease. Most common lesion was of LAD following LCX, RCA and LMS. Conclusion: Our study conclude that coronary artery disease is the main causative factor for the development of heart failure in patients of myocardial infarction and even a single vessel disease can lead to heart failure with severe systolic dysfunction. Most common associated risk factor was smoking, hypertension being the second most common following diabetes and positive family history.