Phyconano particles: Synthesis and antimicrobial applications

Abstract Nanotechnology and its various applications have brought a new revolution in the research area. Biological synthesis of nanoparticles using the biomass of microalgae is a novel and eco-friendly technique which reduces the use of different toxic chemicals. Nanoparticles are very useful materials and have wide applications due to their unique mechanical, physical and chemical properties. They are fine particles having large surface area and energy which help them for the wide applications, especially in medical fields. Both live and dead biomasses of seaweeds and microalgae have different pharmaceutical properties. The bioactive compounds present in the microalgae biomass are the key drivers for the biosynthesis of different metallic nanoparticles. The scopes of silver and gold nanoparticles in different biomedical applications include tumor imaging and diagnostics, drug delivery, treating cancer, etc. Further they are cumulative for the antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal activities upon their applications. The advantage of nanoparticles in the therapeutic applications is that they help to achieve the maximum therapeutic response with the minimum adverse effects. Therefore, nanoparticles provide a new hope in the medical field minimum adverse effects.