Fibroblast growth factor 1 ameliorates diabetes-induced splenomegaly via suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress.

Abstract Type-2 diabetes (T2D) is a common metabolic disorder, which causes several physiological and pathological complications. Spleen is regarded as an important organ, which regulates immune system and iron metabolism in the body. Precious few studies have been conducted to explore the pathological and deleterious roles of diabetes on spleen. In our current study, we have explored and confirmed the pathological effects of diabetes on spleen in db/db experimental mice model. In our current study, 0.5 mg/kg fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) dose was intraperitoneally administrated to db/db mice. We found that diabetes evidently induced spleen enlargement and fibrosis progression in the db/db mice. Additionally, our studies demonstrate that iron has hugely deposited in the spleen in db/db mice. Several studies have documented that diabetes largely disrupts the inflammatory cells distribution, immune homeostasis, proliferation and oxidative stress with the down-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antioxidant activities. Moreover, we have observed that FGF1 administration significantly reversed the deleterious effect of diabetes on spleen enlargement and dysfunction. In summary, these substantial findings clearly demonstrate that diabetes plays deleterious roles in maintaining the spleen structure and functions. Therefore, our investigations suggest that FGF1 can effectively prevent diabetes-mediated splenomegaly progression.